Internal combustion motor



Dec. 20, 1932. B, MElssNER 1,891,770

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MTOR 1N l ENTOR. Y Bim/HARD Mass/vm.

De.2o,1932. B MES'SNER 1,891,770

' INTERNAL CoMBUsTIoN MQTQR Fi1edN0v-7. 1929 s sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR.BERNHARD MEISSNR.

ATTORNEY.

Dec.20, 1932. BMEISSNER I 1,891,770

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed Nov. '7. 1929 5 sheets-Sheet 5 YJNVENTOR. BERNHARD ME/SSNE.

lil

Patented Dec. 20, 1932 f Lenin ien'rfV NT? oi-finos BERNHARDifiEissNnn., on woonsinn, NnW'YoRK` INTERNAL ooMBUs'rioN ifio'iion,

Application filed November 7 1929. Serial No.v40`5,342.

My invention relates to internal combustion motors; more particularly totwo-cycle motors,1which have long been considered as most etlici'entfrom a strictly mechanical point of view, although ythey are universallyknown to be less efficient in respect to the utilization of the fullcalorilic heat :value of the fuel to be burned therein. However, theprinciples of vthis inventionfare also applicable to fourcycle engines.

The objects I have pursued in the development vof my invention havegenerally. been those which guide the automotive engineer, when heattempts to perfect the internal combustion engine in themanymodiiications in which it is used today. Y

Some of the' outstanding objects of my improvements are: K

First. to incorporate in the design of 'a re ciprocating internalcombustion engineelements which,.as .far as possible, contribute aturbine character to such an engine;

Second, to apply the turbineprinciple toa reciprocating internalcombustion motor by providing one or more points at which a sub`stantially continuous combustion of fuels takes place,`the mechanicalenergy created by said combustion being transmitted to the point atwhich it is to be applied bythe means of reciprocating engine gearingf vThird, to provide amotor in which the com. bustion ychambers of areciprocating two-cycle internal combustion motor are connected, at thebeginning of the power stroke, in continuous rot-ation to one or morecommon ignition points. V

. Fourth, to provide an engine which requiresextriusc ignition whenstarted, but no such ignitionbeing required during the continuousperformance ofthe engine,.be cause a continuing explosion'takes place atone or more fixed points in my engine duringv normal operation.

'Fifth, to lprovide one or moresets of valve` gearing each comprising acombustioiior nition, an intake and an exhaust valve, which; connect inperiodical rotation with a multi#` plicity of combustion chambers. Y I.Sixth` to provide a reciprocating internal combustion engine' in which'power is transhead.

ymitted from a multiplicity of combustion chambers which are'A locatedsubstantially in one Vplai'i'e to a substantially ceiitrally'disposedcrank` sha-ft.l 1

Seventh, to derive a rotative momentum from a substantially circularlyarranged, rotatable multiple combustion'unitby gearing ythe pistons ofsaid unit'to ay yoke which is` stationaryV eccentric crank y rotatableon a Eighth, to provide in a motor of'thisr` kind substantiallystationaryvalve gears which slidably" connect revolving combustionchamber unit.` I

Ninth, to provide upon an internal combustion engine means allowing thegas-type slidable adjustment of valvegears upon a rotating cylinderhead.Y

` Tenth, to sub-divide in amotor of this kind the exhaust valve' Yforthe purpose ofusing the pressure.oftherexhaust gas which is firstexhausted for enpediting the removal of the rest of fthe exhaust gasfrom and forwash'h-y ing out the combustion chamber. y

Y Eleventh, to provide 'independent suctioneiiicient Y fuel chambers. IA v Further objects of my invention vwillbe more clearly elucidatedl bythe following description of my invention and will'be emphasized in theannexed claims. I illustraterone modification of design involving theprinciples of my invention in the vaccompanyingdrawing's, in'which, V

Figure 1' is a partly sectioned side elevaf tion of my internalcombustion motor. Figure Qyis a corresponding partly'sec'- tioncdrearvi'ew (takenfrom the right side of Figure l) the sectionbeingcarried through on one half vof the motor partly along the plane inwhich one set of combustion chambers is radially arranged, p`artly, onthe'outside thereof through the center of the valve gears andsubstantially through the center of the housing. Y

Figure 3 shows, in a parallel perspective means for brino'fnv about thein'ection' of an ha. c .p mixture into the combustion view, a section ofthe eccenter head, the ec- Figure 4`shows, in a parallel perspectiveview, a section of the valve ring, sectioned through the combustionvalve.

Figure 5 shows a developed view of the cross section of the combustionchamber and the exhaust valve abutting thereupon, said sectionbeing-taken along a cylindrical plane through .the .center of' the.exhaust means.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the various Views.

The motor housingl 11i is, inE thedrawings, exemplarily provided with abase 12. In a practical application the method, in which the housing ismounted,.dependslargely on the use for which the motor is intended.=Whereas1a heavier base,-. buty ot the type of basei12-.ifndicated,.1nay be vused -Iwithamy inf' ventionas.astationaryfsonrce of motive power, a large variety of methodsoflmounting suggest Y. themselves in :the application in .automotivevehiclesfvessels and aircraft the adaptation lof my'y invention .for.the latter :uses may. involve` extensive modifications of the designofthe housing.

The housing essentially consists of abottom! halt` 13, .and-acover1-41and. cap 15, closingi-the-.topofthe-housing. :The shaft 16 isrotatablyA supported `in the housing byball bearings 17 and 18 on theleftfand right (rear 'and Afront) .endof the motor respectively(Figure-1.). .Nexttohall bearingsl?, in fa kbear-.ing19, on vthe in sideofthe housing, is mounted shank 21 otheeccenter heady 20, the:insi'derof which '.is ssubstantially concentric. t-otheshaft 116 and.allows its vfreorotation, whereas the-.eccenteryoke 22is rotatablymounted,- -by-:means of the rollers. retained in .cage .24; -uponv theeccentric outer Acircumference of the-eccenter head20. Theeccenteryeke22 isfthrustwise .retained on theeccenter head-.2O by theretaini-ngii'lan-ges 25'2and '37.

lUpon the A circumference of the eccenter yoke are provided, next toeach other, two annular fgrooves 126 fand 27, :in which 'are swingablysuspended Ltheftwo1 setsof? piston rod-s 28 and .29, respectively.

-One piston f rod 30 .which belongsvto -the right set of. piston rods.29- lis solid'ly mounted upon( thefeccenter yoke .22, *whereas -alltheother piston rods 28and29 are mounted upon pivots 31. .an-'d v32,respectively, which :bridge the grooves26-=an:d.27. Pivets'l and 4132-are endavise: retained in. thesolidf rim -33- between the .grooves 26andi 27.,.by .asplit vwire .ring 34 whichkeeps the `.-greove 35 -in .theri-m in YValignment with the grooves -36 in the pivotsland 32.

.The ieylinderhead .40 .is essentially 'concent-nieto the shaft 1.6.'andis solidly. mountedupon said -1shaft 'invite hub l41. .The .cylinderhead consists of a flange42 extend-ing outwardly. from said hub'41:.a-nd` of a chamber body 43 wxh-i ch. laterally extends from saidflange42 overthe eccenterhead20 .and-which is substantially annularand-conceI-itrictol the shaft 16. In this chamber body 43 are' v pins48.

YIn the drawings the cylinder openings 44 -fan'd`45are-shownboredthrough the whole thickness of the head body 43 and the cylinv"deropenings are substantially closed on their outer ends by a sleeve, 49shrunk around the head body or otherwise substantially integrallyaunite'drthereto. .Twofrims50 fare .provided on the. cylindrical..surface .of `"sleeve 49 rand-"confront.a groove in whichare-.arranged-.theslides 51,1`the endsof which over.-

lapeach otherfat 52.i.npist0n.ring'ffashion so that,'combined,theyrepresent avalve ring, which sldably extends .around -.the .wholesleeve .49. '.'Tosubstantially .the f-eXtent fin which. .thefrespectiverows overlapeach other,

the cylinder openings '44 and @45 'break through .the .sleeve .49.in theshapeosegmentalr openings'l547 and 55, which nretsubstantally in gperipheralfalignment :with` each other! belowsthe ring. made up .ofslides 45.1. T:he..clo`si.ngaction .of the ringnnadeup .of slides 51, inrespect tothe segmental .openings 54 and: 55 isimproved uponby stiiingrings 56 made up of several..sections,.which overlap each @other .at ftheir ends 1in piston ring A*fashion :and which are .retained .ingrooves of. sleeve .'49.by, pins .61. .The .slides 51 or thosesoftheseslideswhichare. particularly exposedtohigh.heatsare provided withcooling .chambers 57 .which are. enclosed between' halves 'of .saidslides. integrally, joined at Vseams 53. .The chambers:.-57..are:bridged by inserts. 58..at..thfose .points wherethe 4head bodyfisto-be..a.pproached 'from .the .outside through lfthefringniade .up .by.the-.slides 51. The cooling.chambers..57..are Aprovided with coolingwater and vsaid water .is drained therefromlthrough..pipes 59,.whichenter npon said chambersQfrom .the sides.. andthe otherends of whi ch..extendrthrough .suitable openings'fGOV in. the .coven 1.4. Other.pipesl62 enter upon the slidesV 51 in similar'fashion and serve t0introduce lubricating Eoil .between the stu'ing rings .56 -andthe slides.51, said' oil being introduced .into .the .respective grooves Vinthe.slides through the opening. 63.

The outside-cylindrical shell 640i. themotor, whichrisrformed .byparts.of the .bottom halfil and the cover 14, is substantiallycylindrically-`disposed in. respect` to the shaft 16. ,Saidshell .64 carries onits:in'si'dellugs which. are-.shown in the drawings to be held insaifdfshelhby screws .66. "The inner faces of'lugs 65representcacylindrical-surface67 .which slightly` eccentric .in respect to .the.heretofore .enumerated concentric parts of the motor` suchas the shaft,the cylinder head, the slides 51, the parts ofthe housing and the shell64.; Between the eccentric faces and the slides 51V slidably lit fourannular segments 68, peripheral movement of which will cause them towedgemore or less between the faces 67 andthe slides 51, on accountofthe eccentrically disposed outer and inner faces of said annular seg#ments. Alongside of their eccentric outer faces these annularsegmentscarry spur gear sections 69 which are concentrically disposed in respectto shaft 16 and which are curved to meshinto the worms 70; these worms'are rotatably lodged in suitable pockets 71-of the shell 64 upon shafts72. rlhe worms 7 0 are thrustwise retained in the pockets 71 and theirshafts 72 are provided with hexagon heads 73 at their ends, whichVpermit therotation of the worms for the purpose of the followingadjustment: Assuming the point of the shortest distance of the eccentricfacel 67 from the shaft 16 to be 'near the lower right hand corner ofFigure Q, approximately at a. point 74, an adjustment ofthe two an nularsegments, which are arranged upon the circumference of the ring madeupof the slides 51 tothe left of point 72, and vof the other two annularsegments 68to the right and above said point, towards said point bymeans of rotation of the adjusting worms 70, will causethe innerconcentric face of said annular segments to close upon the slides 51which are also sidewise retained in said annular segments by thecentrally extending flanges of said annular segments 68. I thus providean accurate adjustment, allowing the slides 51 to be held. onto thesleeve 49 with adequate pressure to provide a Ypractically gastight fitbetween said parts; this tit accentuated by the stulling rings 56,without creating an excessive friction between `said parts, which wouldcause the creation of undue heat and which th rcfore would impair theefficiency of my motor.V Eetween adjoining annular segments' l allowclean ance spaces 76 of such width as to allow a close adjustment of thesliding fit between the slides 51 and the sleeve 49 duringsi'ibstantially the whole period of life of my motor. A

Pipes, which are slidahly arranged in the'v shell 64, approach the valvering made up of the slides 5l, radially, from the outside ofV referredto are an air pipe 78, gas Vinjector pipes 79 and a pipe 80 in which thespark plug 81 is mounted and throughv which a conductor is insulatedlycarried into the ignition chamber 82; that chamber is formed* by acavity on the inside of the respective slide 51. The end 83 of saidconductor is vdisposed on the inside of-said chamber 82 so asfto allow aspark to jump from the end by afpipe thread on its outside which fitsinto a threaded Vhole in the insert 58 bridging the cooling chamber 57of slide 51. The pipes thereof to the extension on the grounded Apipe80. rlhe pipe 8O is retained in the slide 7 8 and 8O are mounted incorresponding l80 fashion in the respective slides 51, the pipes 78opening into a,k cavity in the bottom slide 51 which is similar tocavity 82, whereas the injector pipes 79 open almost directly onto thecylindrical Vface of the sleeve 49.

All cylinders or combustion. chambers 44 and 45 are surrounded bycooling chambers and by water jackets 84 and 85, respectively, which aresupplied with cooling water and from which said Water is drained bychannels 86 and87, located in the 'flange 42of the vcylinder head or inribs 88 reenforcing said 93 with a water connection 94 which serves-V tobring about the circulation of the water and which is also suitablycoupled to supply water to the cooling chambers 57 of the slides 51making up the valve rings,by means of they pipes 59.

The pump 93 is mounted on a suitable ex-l tension 95 on the rear ofthebottom half 13 of the housing and similar means (not shown) .may beprovided in order to pumpY oil for the lubrication of the valve ringthrough the pipes 62, and to supply oil to the stationary eccenter head20, through a pipe connection 96; fromsaid connectionoil is distributedto the surface of ysaid, eccenter head by means of a multitude ofchannels 97, which are appropriately arranged to issue. radially fromsaid eccenter head, providing lubrication for the eccenter yoke, saidoil being from there distributed to the piston rods and pistons owing tothe centrifugal action of the rotating cylinder head parts.

Along a circular center-line an exhaust manifold 99 approaches thechamber body 43. AV developed sectionof thechamber body yand of themanifoldy along said line is shown in Figure 5. The manifold 99is'heldagainst -`a cir-'cular rim 100 which protrudes fromthe side ofthe chamber body 43, by thetension of the springs 101 extending aroundthe exhaust pipes 102, 103 and 104, which are slidably mounted in thebottom half 13 of the housing; said springs 101 are heldin compressionbetween the inner wall of the housing and the exhaust manifold 99. Asuitable'gasket 105 serves to prevent the gases in the manifold fromdissipating into the inside of the housing. The exhaust pipes 4102, 103and 104 are connected to separate chambers 106, 107 and 108 of themanifold, said chambers being separated from each other by intermediarywalls and by cross pieces`109of the gasket 105.

It will be noticed in Figure 2 that the cylinders 46, when they havereached their extreme position of movement out of the cylinder openings44 and 45, (the cylinder heads at the lower end of the chamber body 43),will clear openings 110 by which the chamber body is perforated alongthe line 98. These openings 110 in the walls of the combustion chambers44 and 45 open, directly and indirectly,respectively, through the riminto the exhaust manifold 99. The openings 110 in the cylinders 45 openintermediarily upon a passageway 111, which extends through the chamberbody between the cylinder holes 44. The chambers 111 issue upon themanifold v99 through holes 112 in the chainbeibody, corresponding inlocation and size tothe openings 110, which issue directly from cylinderopenings 44 into the manifold.

For the interval, during which the pistons 40 clear the openings 110,said openings, or the Acorresponding openings 112 in the case of thecombustion chambers 45, face thefexhaust Vmanifold 99. The first exhaustgases escape into the chamber 108 and are carried from'that chamberthrough the exhaust pipe 104 by means of an ejector nozzle 113 into theexhaust pipe 103 into which the exhaust gases pass through the chamber107 when the respective combustion chambers are at their lowestposition. The exhaust gases issuing into the chamber 107 at a pressurelower than that, at which they escape into the chamber 10S, the gases inexhaust pipe 103 will be sucked out ofsaid pipe 103 by the gases issuinginto said exhaust pipe through the ejector 113y from chamber 108. Fromthe exhaust pipe 113 the exhaust gases passthrough a suitable mufflerout into the air. The exhaust pipe 102 which is connect ed to thechamber 106 and which is connected to the combustion chamber after theexhaust gases have escaped therefrom into the chambers 10S and 107,connects to an exhaust pump 114 mounted upon the motor shaft, between.the front end of the housing and the coupling y92. thrmigh this pump isalso issued int(` the air.

he exhaust gas passing My engine functions as follows: Y According tothe quality of the fuel to be lused in my motor, and also according tothe efficiency of the exhaust means used in connection with my inventionat a specific speed, the fuel mixture is injected by pressure or suckedin by said exhaust means from carburetors through one or more injectornozzles 79, which issue,`through the valve ring 51 upon the sleeeve 49,and it enters upon the combustion chambers 44 and 45 through those ofthe segmental openings 54 and 55 which are temporarily in alignment withsaid nozzles during the clockwise rotation (Figure 2) of the chamberbody 43 of the cylinder head 40. During further clockwise rotation ofthe cylinder head the pistons 46 in the combustion chambersy whichchambers have thus been lled with the gas mixture move outwardly in saidchambers and compress the mixture, said outward movement of the pistonsbeing brought about by the riding ofthe eccenter yoke 22 onto the mosteccentric part of the eceenter head 20, said eccenter yoke beingoperatively connected to the pistons in the chambers underconsideration, bythe connecting rods 28 and 29. The eccenter yokereaches the point of greatest distance from the shaft 16 in thearrangement shown in the drawings at the highest point thereof so thatthe gas in the combustion chambers under consideration is compressed toa pressure suitable for an efficient explosion, when the respectivesegmental openings 54 and 55 slide below the ignition chamber 82 in thevalve ring at the top of the motor. Some of the gas mixture contained inthe combustion chambers '44 and 45 above the piston 46 escapes intotheexplosion chamber 82 and is there ignited by a substantiallycontinuous spark passing from the end 83 of the electrical conductor inthe pipe to said pipe, said spark having as a source of power a primaryor secondary high tension generator as commonly used with an internalcombustion engine.

By a substantially continuous spark I have reference in the above to anuninterrupted rotation of electrical discharges as distinguished fromthe exactly timed electric discharge in a four-cycle combustion motor.Gf course the electric discharges may be timed in such a manner thatthere is a spark each time one of the combustion chambers comes intoalignment with the spark plug. But or dinarily this is not necessary.VIn fact, the electric spark, or the functions of the spark plug may bedispensed with altogether after the engine has been started, theignition of the compressed gas in the combustion chambers, as theyconsecutively approach the ignition chamber 82, taking place as soon asthe burning gases in the ignition chamber come into touch with the gasmixture in the approaching combustion chambers. In the manner of someDiesel-type and semi-Dieseltype engines I may of course also provide ahot point in the explosion chamber which is brought up to heat from theoutside, before the motor is started and which retains this heat oncethe engine is running, because itis exposed to the continuous explosionof `the gas mixture, which is ignited at this point. However, as long asthe engine functions normally, no extrinsic ignition means are required,and to the v skilled designer a-great number of automatic andsemi-automatic contrivances suggest themselves which bring about anelectric discharge or which furnish other yignitionmeans at those timeswhen the engine does not function properly or when it is started up. A

governor for instance may be provided for on my motor whichautomatically closes the high tension circuit when the engine isstanding still or turning slowly at a speed lower than :that which isvrequired to bring about the socalled continuous explosion.

It is common practice in internal tion motor design to provide means bywhich the spark is advanced, or retarded, either at the option of the,operator of the engine or automatically, as a direct function of thespeed at which the motor is travelling, and Y in some instances of theload. Y ln my design Irshow the ignition to take place at the point ofhighest compression, when the combustion chamber is at the top of themotor, by means of the electric spark. TWhen the engine has come up to aspeed at which there is a continuous explosion, Vthe gas mixture in thecombustion chambers approaching the spark* plug will be ignited by thehot gases inthe explosion chamber before the respective combustionchambers attain the status of highest compression, because the ignition`chamber extends to the left from the spark the eccenter head 2O isclamped by the bearf ing cap 19; it may be rotated, to the extent of aslight clockwise or counterclockwise angular displacement, by acorresponding rotation of the shank 2l of the eccenter head 2() in itsbearing 19 in the housing. As an Vadditional refinement of the controlof the angular displacement of the eccenter head in relation to thevalve ring, gearing may be introduced which brings about such angulardisplacement of the shank 21 in the bearing automatically, as a functionof the speed of combus-4 the motor, in the same manner in whichgovernors now serve to control the advancement or the retardationV ofthe spark in an automobile engine.

A continuous explosion taking place in the valve ring, that ring isexposed to very high heats and I therefore have provided a coolingchamber inside of the valve ring, alongl side of the ignition chamber82. Great care must also be taken to prevent the pressure of explosionto be dissipated' along the faces of the valve ring y51 and of thesleeve 49, which slide upon each other. Thestufling rings 56, which arepreferably made of a fire proof material, serve to preventlateralfdissipation of the force of the explosion from out of theexplosion chamber; and the careful and laccurate adjustment of the valvering upon the sleeve which is brought about by the annular segments 68and by the means,

which cause these segments to wedgemoreV or less tightly, between thehousing-and the valveV ring, according tothe settings of the operator,preventsundue propagationv of the explosion peripherally along thecontacting surfaces of the sleeve 49 and the valve ring.

The gas mixture having been ignited at the Vtop position of thecombustion chambers, the

pressure of the exploded land exploding gas forces the pistonVdownward'in the combus- `tion chambers. The pistons move downward inthe combustion chambers as the cylinder head continues its clockwiserotation; and

Vthe pressure of the exploded gas, pushing the pistons in the directionof said movement downward in the combustion-chambers andbeingtransmitted to theV eccenter yoke by the'V piston rods, causes thesaid yoke to slide clockwise around the eccenter head, carrying alongthe cylinder' head and the shaft 16,`

since-the eccenter yoke-and the cylinder head are positively coupled toeach other by meansv of the connecting rod 30 which solidly connects,at'one end, to the eccenter yoke, the hinged suspension-of its other endin ay pisica ton in one of the combustion chambers al- Y `lowing playforangular displacement of the connecting rod 30 from the'center line ofthe respective combustion chamber which is necessary on account of therespective eccentricity of the centers around which the yoke and .thecylinder head rotate Vsubstantially coextensively. i

Vhen, after further clockwise rotation of the cylinder head,the forceYof explosion has been substantially spent, andthe pistons are pushedfor such a distance out ofthe combusizo tion chambers, that they clearthe openings Y which open fromsaidcombustion chambers towards thecircular rim 100, the respec- ,Y tive openings 110 have reached aposition of alignment with the chamber -108 of the exliaust manifold andthe burned gases are i yforced from the combustion chamber into saidexhaust chamber and from there,

through the nozzle 113 into the pipe 103. In the pipe 103 a suction ofthe gases contained therein, away from the exhaust chamber 107, iscaused by the gases issuing from nozzle 118, so that the exhaust gasesare sucked from the combustion chambers ahead of the combustionchamber'l under consideration and.

andthe pipe 78 is however interrupted, as the cylinder head proceeds kinits-clockwise rotation, and the suction applied to the combustionchamber from the exhaust chamber 107y decreases the Vpressure of the aircontainedin the combustion chamber, the pressure of said air beingfurther reduced when positive vacuum is applied to the combustionVchamber through the exhaust chamber 106 from pump 114, as soon as thecombustion chamber comes intoy alignment with that exhaust' chamber. Inthe drawings the pipe 78, which supplies air for flushing purposesduringthe exhaust operation,` is shown to issueupon the open air. Toaccentuate the flushing action of the air entering upon the' combustionchamber which is in alignment with pipes 78, saidA air may be suppliedunder pressure, said pipe being connected to a blower or compressorwhich isalso driven by the motor and which may be aligned upon oneend ofthe shaft,

next one of the pumps at one or the other Y end. The suction of the pump114i evacuates the combustion chamber to such an Vextentv combustionchamber continues to lmove up-v wardly again, after having passed thelower part of the vertical center line ofl the motor from right to lett(Figure 2)V during the clockwise rotation of the cylinder head. At apoint substantially corresponding to the point at which the pistonscleared the exhaust openings 11() to the right of the center line, saidopenings 11() are covered up by the piston at a corresponding positionon the combustion chamber to the left of said center line. Thus theopenings 11() are completely closed towards the vacuum when the secondinjector pipe 79' comes into alignment withlgselgwog the combustionchamber the gas: mixture; fronr said second injectory pipe lling'- theevacuated combustionchamber, either owing to the low pressure insaid'combustion cham-,- ber or owing to the pressure underwhichthe gasis carriedztothe motor from thecarburetor through the second injectorpipe 79:

IV e thus havecompleted one complete ro#` tation of the cylinder head,describing the unctionsot the motor, the piston in the com` bustionchamber under consideration having' substantially performed'two cyclesor the respectivefoverlapping parts of two cycles.

1y claim: n

1. In an.k internal combustion engin-e, a'. housing, a cylinderheadrotatably mountedy in said housing, valve means radially.slidablyfarranged in said housing and'slidably. abuttingupon. said:cylinder head, combustion chambers arranged in saidcylinder `headandopening upon'said valvemeans. and pis* tons reciprocatably disposed' insaidcombustion chambers and operatively reactionably. connected withsaid housing. j

2. In an internal combustioni engine, a1 housing, a cylinder` headrotatably mounted in saidhousing, valve means radially.- slidably.arranged in said housing and slidably` abutting upon said cylinder head,combustion chambers Vsubstantially radially arrangedV in said cylinderhead and opening upon saidvalve means, and pistons reciprocatablydisposed in said combustion chambers and operatively reactonablyconnected with said housing. f

3. In an internal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinderhead rotatablymounted in' said housing, valvemeans radially slidably arranged in saidVhousing and slidably abutting uponA said cylinder head, combustionchambersarranged, in said cylinderA head and opening upon said valvemeans, pistons reciprocatably disposed in said combustion. chambers andoperatively reactionably con nect'ed with saidhousing, and adjustableseg;- ments, wedge-like disposed between said housing andsaidvalvevmeans.

4'. In an internal combustion engine, a housing, ar cylinder headrotatably mounted in said housing, valve means` substantiallystationarily arranged in said housing-i and? slidably abutting'up'onsaid cylinder head,

` combustion chambers arrangedinsaid'cylin der head and'opening uponsaid valve means,

lan eccenter mounted in said housing, pistons reciprocatably disposed insaid combustionA chambers and operatively reactionably connected withsaid eccenter, and eccentric peripherally adjustable annular segments,wedge-like disposed between said housing and said valve means.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinder headrotatably mounted in said housing, valve and ignition means radiallyslidably arranged in vsaid housing i-'iin said housing, valve andignition means and V'slid-ably' abuttingV upon saidfcylinder head,combustionV chambers substantially radially arranged in said cylinderhead and opening upon said valve meansand pistons reciprocatablydisposed in Vsaid combustion radially slidably arranged in said housing,and slidably abutting'upon said cylinder head,v combustion chamberssubstantially radially arranged in said cylinder .head and 163openingupon said valve means, an eccenter mounted in said housing, pistonsreciprocatably disposed in said combustion chambers, piston rods hingedupon said p`stons, and a yoke slidably rotatable upon said eccenter,

2f operatively hinged upon some of said piston 'eactionably connected`with said housing.`

housing, a cylinder head rotatably mounted rodsv and solidly connectedwith one of said piston rods so as vto rotate in substantially equal.angular displacement therewith.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a

housing, a cylinder head rotatably mounted in said housing,.valye andignition means peripherally substantially ystationarily arranged in saidhousing and adjustable towards and slidable upon the cylindrical cir-Ibumference of saidhead, combustion chainbers substantially radiallyarranged in said cylinder head'and opening upon said valve means, andpistons reciprocably disposed in said combustion chambers andoperatively 8. In an internal combustionengine,` a housing, a cylinderhead rotatablymounted in said housing, annular segments with valveV and.ignition chambersV supported in said housing and slidable upon thecylindrical circumference of said head, two sets of combustion chamberssubstantially radially arranged in said cylinder head in substantiallyparallel planes and alignedly and alternately open V-ing upon saidsegments froml opposite sides,

and pistons reciprocably disposed in said combustion chambers and'operatively reactionably connected with said housing.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a

iny saidhousing, valve and ignition means substantially annularlyarranged iii said housing and slidable upon the cylindricalcircumferenoeof said head, and two sets of iombustion chambers substantially radially10. In `an internal combustion engine, Va

housing, al cylinder head rotatably mounted :in said housingvalve meanssubstantially stationarily arranged in saidhousing to slide onto a sideof said head, an exhaust manifold arranged to slide in said housingintoV abutment with a face of said cylinder head, combustion chamberssubstantially radially arranged in said cylinder head and opening uponsaid valve means and upon said exhaust manifold, pistons reciprocatablydisposed in said combustion chambers and adapted to exhaust manifold,and means operatively and reactionably connecting said pistons with saidhousin housing, a cylinder vhead rotatably mounted in said housing,valvevmeans radially slidably arranged in said housing and slidable-close said combustion chambers towards said a upon the-cylindricalcircumference of said head, an exhaust manifold coaxially slidably:retained in said housing and slidablyabutting uponthe side of saidcylinder head, coin- Y bustion chambers substantially radially ar-Vranged in said lcylinder head and Vopening radially upon said valvemeans and laterallyKV upon said `exhaust manifold, and pistonsreciprocat'ably disposed` 'in said combustion` chambers and adapted toclose said combustign chambers towards said exhaustmani- ,fo d. l

l2. In` an .internal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinderlieadrotatably mounted in said Jhousing, valve means substantiallystationarily arranged in said housing Vand slidable upon said housing,an exhaust mani- ,fold substantially stationarily retained in saidhousing and slidably abutting upon said Y cylinder head, combustionchambers substantially radially arranged in said cylinder head andopening upon said valve means andiipon said exhaust manifold, andpistons reciprocatably disposed in said combustion chamlos i bers andadapted-to close said combustion v chambers towards lsaid exhaustmanifold,

said exhaust manifold consisting of separate compartments adapted toconnect in rotation to each of said combustion chambers in saidrevolving cylinder head.

13. In an Iinternal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinder headrotatably mounted in said housing, valve means substantiallystationarily arranged in said housingand slidable upon said housing, anexhaust manifold substantially stationarily retained in said housing andslidably abutting upon said cylinder head, combustion chamberssubstantially radially arranged in said cylinder head and opening uponsaid valve means and upon said exhaust manifold, pistons reciprocatablydisposed in said combustion` chambers and adapted' to close saidcombustion chambers towards` said exhaust manifold, eccentric meansmounted in vsaid housing and opera separate compartments adapted toconnect in rotation lto said combustion chambers in said;

revolving cylinderhead, the compressed exvhaust gas entering from saidcombustion 5Ycha`mber upon someof said compartments due toits'expans'ion, and suction means connected1to the remainder of saidcompartments and evacuati-ng the combustion chambers opening thereupon.Y

1m 14. In an internal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinder headrotatably mounted iii-said housing, Valve meansislidably arranged insaid housing and slidable upon said Vhousing, an 5exhaust manifoldslidably re- 1Wtainedinf said housing and slidably abutting uponsaidcylinder head, combustion` cham-i.

bers substantially radially arranged in said cylinderl head and radiallyopening upon said valve means and laterallyT upon said ex- 2n'haustmanifold, pistons. reciprocatably dis# posed in said combustion chambersand adapted toclose said combustion chambers towards said? exhaustmanifold, eccentric means mounted in said housing and opera-v 2a"tivelyand reactionably connected With saidv pistons, and means for supplyingair forflushing purposes through said valve means to said combustionchambers, when said comlbust-ion chambers are not closed toward said:

3l-k""`exhaust manifold, so that the air passes from one end Vof saidchambers substantiallyA to the other end thereof, and then laterallyoutV through said manifold.

v A, 15. In an internal combustion engine, a

3housing` an annular cylinder head'rotatably mounted'in said housing,combustion cham-V bers substantially radially arranged in said cylinderhead, pistons reciprocatably Adis- A posed in said combustion chambers,and a 4a stationary eccenter extending from said housing into said headand operativelyand reac.

tionablyconnected With said pistons.

16'. In an internal combustion engine, a housingzv an annular cylinderhead rotatably 'zmountedin saidhousing, combustion cha-m.

bers substantially radially arrangedin said cylinder head,4 pistonsreciprocatably dis.

posed insaidcombustion chambers, stationary'means extending from saidhousing intolsaid head, and pist-on rods centrally attached;

to said pistons and eccentrically hinged upon said means substantiallyin alignmentwith said chambers.

combination with a rotatable annular cyliiif der head, combustionchambers substantially extending from the outer surface of said head tothe inside thereof, opening upon theinside caigof said cylinder head,and segm-entally closedl at their outer ends bythe surface of saidhead.` 18. In an `internal combustion engine, in-

combination witha rotatable annular cylinderI head, annular valve andignitionmeans Gslidably accommodated in circular. tracks.-

L 17; In an internal combustion engine, in

naaimzi upon the.. outer surface of said head, combusf,V

tion chambers substantially extending from the outer surfacefof-saidhead to theinsidethereof, and partly closed at their outer ends by thesurface of said head, and the openings at the: outer endsiofi saidchambers beingvin circular alignment With eachother and issu.. ing uponsaid means;

19. In anii-iternal combustion engine, inA combination Witharotatableannular cylin-V der head, annular Valve and ignition means, slidablyaccommodated' in. circular. tracks. upon the outer surfacefof said head,combustion chambers substantially extending from the outer surface ofsaidih'ead to the inside thereof, and partly closed at their outer endsby the surface ofisa-id head, adjoining ones. of saidchambersoverlapping each ,otherl pesK ripherally aswellas in thed-irection of the axis of said head, and the openings at theI-A outerends of said chamberscbeing in circular' alignment Witheach other andissuing upon said means.

20.111 an internal-combustion engine, in combination `.with airotatable,V annularj cylinder head,- annular valve and ignition means`slidably accommodatedi iny circular.- tracks-1Y upon the outer surfaceofsaid head, combus-f tion chambers substantially vextending i from theouter surface. of saidhead to theiinside thereof, and part-ly closed attheirouter ends*- y the surface of saidhead, and anignition chamber. insaid means, exceeding inlength thev peripheral distance along-theoutercir.- cumference ofi said 'head'` between adjoining combustionchambers,y

21, Inv aninternal combustion engine, in

combination With a rotatable annularcylinder head, annular valveandignition means, slidably accommodated in, circular tracks upon the outersurface ,of said head,co mbus tion chambers substantially extending from,the outer surfaceof saidfhead tothe ,inside outer surfaceof saidheadftothe inside thereof, a segmental exhaust IrlllifoldV slicilably4 restingupon and tensioued insaid housing against the sides of said head inalignment- Witlrthe. pitch, circle .of openings, laterally issuingfromsaidchambersthrough the side. of said'head, and reciprocatingpistons insaid chambers operatively connected with said housing and clearing saidopenings of the respective chambers, when saidvchambers slide past1 saidmanifold during the rotation of said hea v Signed at New York in thecounty of New York and State of New York this 19th day of October A. D.1929.

BERNHARD MEISSNER.

